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World Bank · Other

Firms that are fully credit constrained

Firms are categorized as fully credit constrained if they do not have access to external finance, and any of the following two conditions are met: (1) the firm did not apply for a loan for any reason other than the lack of need for it; or (2) the firm applied for a loan but the application was rejected, even when it has access to equity financing. This indicator is based on Islam and Rodriguez Meza (2023, Islam, Asif Mohammed and Jorge Luis Rodriguez Meza. “How Prevalent Are Credit-Constrained Firms in the Formal Private Sector? Evidence Using Global Surveys”. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper; no. WPS 10502).

Coverage
171 of 238 countries
Latest data
2025
Series
171
Unit
percent
Licence
CC BY 4.0
Retrieved
2026-11-07
Indicator
firms-that-are-fully-credit-constrained
Interva ID
worldbank-firms-that-are-fully-credit-constrained

Recency

current

data to 2025; catalog to 2025

Provenance

2 steps

as the publisher declares it

Versions

1

catalog snapshots

Citation

BibTeX + CSL

versioned permalink

Quality profile

This profile describes what Interva can measure in the data. It does not claim the dataset is accurate, complete, or suitable for a particular use.

Recency

100%

Latest observation is 2025; the catalog broadly reports to 2025, so this data is 0 year(s) behind (current).

Method: Compares the dataset's latest non-projected period with the year most datasets in the catalog end in. Up to 2 years behind is current — annual data is routinely published a year or two late — and more than 5 is stale. Measured from the data, not from when Interva last crawled it.

Temporal completeness

40%

96 of 171 series skip at least one year inside their own span; the median series reports 40% of its years.

Method: Per series, years present divided by years from its first to its last observation; the median across series is reported. Annual periods are assumed, which holds for every series in the catalog today.

Geographic coverage

Measured

Covers 171 of the 238 countries in the catalog.

Method: Counts distinct geographies with at least one observation. Not scored: a regional dataset covering its region completely is not deficient for omitting the rest of the world.

History depth

Measured

The median series has 2 observations; the earliest begins in 2013.

Method: Counts non-projected observations per series. Not scored: a long history is useful for trend work and irrelevant for a cross-section.

Revisions

Measured

No observation has been restated in any vintage Interva has recorded.

Method: Counts values the publisher changed between Interva's publishes. Not scored: revising estimates is ordinary and often a sign of care, and the count is here so a reader citing a figure knows whether it moves.

Schema conformity

Not assessed

No declared schema or validation rules are attached to this dataset yet.

Validity

Not assessed

No field-level validation rules are attached to this dataset yet.

Consistency

Not assessed

Cross-series consistency rules are not defined yet. The obvious first one — whether two publishers measuring one concept agree within a stated tolerance — is a candidate.

2 scored from the data, 3 described without a score, 3 not assessed. Pipeline integrity: all 5 checks pass. Assessed 2026-11-07.

By country

Firms that are fully credit constrained for each of the 171 countries it covers, with the full history.

Latest observations

CountryPeriodValueUnit
Afghanistan202519.51percent
Albania20255.53percent
Antigua and Barbuda20257.61percent
Australia20251.42percent
Austria20258.05percent
Belgium20250.97percent
Belize20257.79percent
Bolivia, Plurinational State of202517.58percent
Brazil20257.58percent
Brunei Darussalam202511.64percent

Provenance

Who produced these figures, as World Bank declares it — not inferred, and each line says which published field it was read from.

  1. Produced by

    World Bank

    Enterprise Surveys, World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.enterprisesurveys.org/en/data

    declared by worldbank in sourceOrganization

  2. Read from

    World Bank

    World Development Indicators

    declared by worldbank in source

Versions

A vintage is a dated publish of the catalog. The current entry is a catalog snapshot; checksums are not recorded yet and are shown as such.

  • CurrentCurrent catalog snapshotchecksum not recorded

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Citation

Version: catalog snapshot 2026-11-07. The record labels this as a catalog snapshot because immutable dataset releases are not stored yet.

World Bank (2026). Firms that are fully credit constrained. Interva. https://interva.co/dataset/worldbank-firms-that-are-fully-credit-constrained (accessed 2026-11-07). catalog snapshot 2026-11-07.

BibTeX
@misc{interva-worldbank-firms-that-are-fully-credit-constrained,
  title        = {Firms that are fully credit constrained},
  author       = {World Bank},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://interva.co/dataset/worldbank-firms-that-are-fully-credit-constrained}},
  note         = {Interva dataset worldbank-firms-that-are-fully-credit-constrained; catalog snapshot 2026-11-07},
  urldate      = {2026-11-07}
}

DOI: not assigned (not assigned). The permalink is versioned by catalog snapshot; a stable dataset DOI is a later step.

API access

Every fact on this page is available from the API.

curl https://interva-api.nq5kq4f69b5zj.eu-west-3.cs.amazonlightsail.com/datasets/worldbank-firms-that-are-fully-credit-constrained
curl -o worldbank-firms-that-are-fully-credit-constrained.csv https://interva-api.nq5kq4f69b5zj.eu-west-3.cs.amazonlightsail.com/datasets/worldbank-firms-that-are-fully-credit-constrained/download
curl "https://interva-api.nq5kq4f69b5zj.eu-west-3.cs.amazonlightsail.com/datasets/worldbank-firms-that-are-fully-credit-constrained/citation?accessed=YYYY-MM-DD"
curl https://interva-api.nq5kq4f69b5zj.eu-west-3.cs.amazonlightsail.com/datasets/worldbank-firms-that-are-fully-credit-constrained/quality

Full schema: https://interva-api.nq5kq4f69b5zj.eu-west-3.cs.amazonlightsail.com/docs

Open in the terminal to chart this series, compare it against other publishers, or export it with its provenance.

Firms that are fully credit constrained · World Bank · Interva