World Bank · Education
Net flow ratio of internationally mobile students (inbound - outbound), both sexes
Total number of tertiary students from abroad (inbound students) studying in a given country minus the number of students at the same level of education from that country studying abroad (outbound students), expressed as a percentage of total tertiary enrolment in that country.
- Coverage
- 165 of 238 countries
- Latest data
- 2018
- Series
- 165
- Unit
- percent
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0
- Retrieved
- 2026-11-07
- Indicator
- net-flow-ratio-of-internationally-mobile-students-inbound
- Interva ID
- worldbank-net-flow-ratio-of-internationally-mobile-students-inbound
Recency
stale
data to 2018; catalog to 2025
Provenance
2 steps
as the publisher declares it
Versions
1
catalog snapshots
Citation
BibTeX + CSL
versioned permalink
Quality profile
This profile describes what Interva can measure in the data. It does not claim the dataset is accurate, complete, or suitable for a particular use.
Recency
0%Latest observation is 2018; the catalog broadly reports to 2025, so this data is 7 year(s) behind (stale).
Method: Compares the dataset's latest non-projected period with the year most datasets in the catalog end in. Up to 2 years behind is current — annual data is routinely published a year or two late — and more than 5 is stale. Measured from the data, not from when Interva last crawled it.
Temporal completeness
92%94 of 165 series skip at least one year inside their own span; the median series reports 92% of its years.
Method: Per series, years present divided by years from its first to its last observation; the median across series is reported. Annual periods are assumed, which holds for every series in the catalog today.
Geographic coverage
MeasuredCovers 165 of the 238 countries in the catalog.
Method: Counts distinct geographies with at least one observation. Not scored: a regional dataset covering its region completely is not deficient for omitting the rest of the world.
History depth
MeasuredThe median series has 9 observations; the earliest begins in 1998.
Method: Counts non-projected observations per series. Not scored: a long history is useful for trend work and irrelevant for a cross-section.
Revisions
MeasuredNo observation has been restated in any vintage Interva has recorded.
Method: Counts values the publisher changed between Interva's publishes. Not scored: revising estimates is ordinary and often a sign of care, and the count is here so a reader citing a figure knows whether it moves.
Schema conformity
Not assessedNo declared schema or validation rules are attached to this dataset yet.
Validity
Not assessedNo field-level validation rules are attached to this dataset yet.
Consistency
Not assessedCross-series consistency rules are not defined yet. The obvious first one — whether two publishers measuring one concept agree within a stated tolerance — is a candidate.
2 scored from the data, 3 described without a score, 3 not assessed. Pipeline integrity: all 5 checks pass. Assessed 2026-11-07.
By country
Net flow ratio of internationally mobile students (inbound - outbound), both sexes for each of the 165 countries it covers, with the full history.
- Afghanistan 2009–2014
- Albania 1998–2018
- Algeria 2004–2018
- Andorra 2002–2018
- Angola 1998–1998
- Antigua and Barbuda 2009–2012
- Argentina 1998–2017
- Armenia 2002–2018
- Aruba 2003–2016
- Australia 2015–2018
- Austria 2007–2018
- Azerbaijan 2006–2018
- Bahrain 2003–2018
- Bangladesh 2002–2009
- Barbados 2001–2011
- Belarus 1999–2018
- Belgium 1999–2018
- Benin 2008–2018
- Bermuda 2009–2018
- Bhutan 2007–2007
- Bosnia and Herzegovina 2011–2018
- Botswana 2005–2017
- Brazil 2002–2018
- Brunei Darussalam 1998–2018
- Bulgaria 1999–2018
- Burkina Faso 2005–2018
- Burundi 1999–2018
- Cabo Verde 2011–2018
- Cambodia 2001–2006
- Cameroon 2004–2018
- Canada 1998–2018
- Cayman Islands 2001–2008
- Central African Republic 2006–2012
- Chad 2008–2011
- Chile 1999–2018
- China 2006–2018
- Colombia 2014–2018
- Comoros 1999–2014
- Congo 2003–2013
- Congo, The Democratic Republic of the 2008–2016
- Costa Rica 2004–2004
- Côte d'Ivoire 2008–2017
- Croatia 1999–2018
- Cuba 2000–2012
- Cyprus 1999–2018
- Czechia 1999–2018
- Denmark 1999–2018
- Djibouti 1999–2011
- Dominican Republic 2012–2017
- Ecuador 2012–2015
- Egypt 2003–2016
- El Salvador 1998–2018
- Eritrea 1999–2000
- Estonia 1999–2018
- Eswatini 1999–2013
- Fiji 2004–2004
- Finland 1998–2018
- France 1999–2018
- Gabon 1999–2003
- Georgia 1999–2018
- Germany 2013–2018
- Ghana 2007–2018
- Greece 2002–2018
- Grenada 2009–2018
- Guinea 2004–2012
- Guyana 2004–2012
- Honduras 2003–2018
- Hong Kong 2003–2018
- Hungary 1998–2018
- Iceland 1998–2018
- India 2000–2018
- Indonesia 2005–2018
- Iran, Islamic Republic of 2003–2018
- Iraq 2000–2004
- Ireland 1998–2018
- Israel 2010–2014
- Italy 1999–2018
- Jamaica 1999–2000
- Japan 1998–2018
- Jordan 2000–2018
- Kazakhstan 1999–2018
- Kenya 2016–2017
- Korea, Democratic People's Republic of 2009–2009
- Korea, Republic of 1998–2018
- Kyrgyzstan 2001–2018
- Lao People's Democratic Republic 1999–2018
- Latvia 1999–2018
- Lebanon 1999–2018
- Lesotho 1999–2018
- Liechtenstein 2004–2018
- Lithuania 1999–2018
- Luxembourg 1999–2018
- Macao 2001–2018
- Madagascar 1999–2018
- Malawi 2010–2010
- Malaysia 1998–2017
- Maldives 2003–2003
- Mali 1999–2015
- Malta 1999–2018
- Marshall Islands 2012–2012
- Mauritania 1999–2017
- Mauritius 2004–2017
- Mexico 1999–2018
- Moldova, Republic of 1999–2018
- Monaco 2017–2017
- Mongolia 1999–2018
- Morocco 1999–2018
- Mozambique 2011–2018
- Myanmar 2007–2018
- Namibia 2002–2017
- Nepal 2009–2011
- Netherlands 1999–2018
- New Zealand 2013–2018
- Niger 2004–2018
- North Macedonia 1999–2018
- Norway 1998–2018
- Oman 2006–2018
- Pakistan 2003–2003
- Palau 2001–2001
- Palestine, State of 1999–2018
- Papua New Guinea 1998–1998
- Philippines 1999–2008
- Poland 1998–2018
- Portugal 2000–2018
- Qatar 2001–2018
- Romania 1999–2018
- Russian Federation 2000–2018
- Rwanda 1999–2018
- Saint Kitts and Nevis 2008–2014
- Saint Lucia 2004–2018
- Samoa 1998–2018
- San Marino 2018–2018
- Saudi Arabia 1999–2018
- Senegal 1999–2018
- Serbia 2007–2018
- Seychelles 2011–2018
- Singapore 2008–2012
- Sint Maarten (Dutch part) 2012–2015
- Slovakia 2000–2018
- Slovenia 1999–2018
- South Africa 2012–2018
- Spain 1999–2018
- Sri Lanka 2011–2018
- Sweden 1999–2018
- Switzerland 1999–2018
- Tajikistan 1999–2017
- Tanzania, United Republic of 2003–2004
- Thailand 1999–2016
- Togo 2007–2007
- Trinidad and Tobago 1999–2004
- Tunisia 1999–2018
- Türkiye 1998–2018
- Turkmenistan 2014–2014
- Turks and Caicos Islands 2008–2008
- Uganda 2011–2011
- Ukraine 1999–2018
- United Arab Emirates 2011–2016
- United Kingdom 1998–2018
- United States 1998–2018
- Uzbekistan 2006–2018
- Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of 2002–2008
- Viet Nam 1999–2016
- Virgin Islands, British 1999–2016
- Yemen 2007–2011
- Zimbabwe 2010–2015
Latest observations
| Country | Period | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 2018 | -12.30 | percent |
| Algeria | 2018 | -1.33 | percent |
| Andorra | 2018 | -201.11 | percent |
| Armenia | 2018 | -0.60 | percent |
| Australia | 2018 | 25.71 | percent |
| Austria | 2018 | 12.49 | percent |
| Azerbaijan | 2018 | -19.48 | percent |
| Bahrain | 2018 | 0.79 | percent |
| Belarus | 2018 | -1.46 | percent |
| Belgium | 2018 | 7.38 | percent |
Provenance
Who produced these figures, as World Bank declares it — not inferred, and each line says which published field it was read from.
Produced by
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
declared by worldbank in sourceOrganization
Read from
World Bank
Education Statistics
declared by worldbank in source
Versions
A vintage is a dated publish of the catalog. The current entry is a catalog snapshot; checksums are not recorded yet and are shown as such.
- CurrentCurrent catalog snapshotchecksum not recorded
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Citation
Version: catalog snapshot 2026-11-07. The record labels this as a catalog snapshot because immutable dataset releases are not stored yet.
World Bank (2026). Net flow ratio of internationally mobile students (inbound - outbound), both sexes. Interva. https://interva.co/dataset/worldbank-net-flow-ratio-of-internationally-mobile-students-inbound (accessed 2026-11-07). catalog snapshot 2026-11-07.
@misc{interva-worldbank-net-flow-ratio-of-internationally-mobile-students-inbound,
title = {Net flow ratio of internationally mobile students (inbound - outbound), both sexes},
author = {World Bank},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {\url{https://interva.co/dataset/worldbank-net-flow-ratio-of-internationally-mobile-students-inbound}},
note = {Interva dataset worldbank-net-flow-ratio-of-internationally-mobile-students-inbound; catalog snapshot 2026-11-07},
urldate = {2026-11-07}
}DOI: not assigned (not assigned). The permalink is versioned by catalog snapshot; a stable dataset DOI is a later step.
API access
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