Eurostat · Science
Italy: GERD by sector of performance and type of R&D: Total, Higher education sector, Million euro
8351.86Million euro · 2024+43.6% since 2014
Eurostat table rd_e_gerdact. GERD by sector of performance and type of R&D: Higher education sector (Million euro). Annual figures for Italy from 1981 to 2024.
Every year
| Year | Value (Million euro) | Note |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 8,351.861 | |
| 2023 | 7,362.53 | |
| 2022 | 6,700.772 | |
| 2021 | 6,231.694 | |
| 2020 | 5,777.89 | |
| 2019 | 5,897.53 | |
| 2018 | 5,753.441 | |
| 2017 | 5,608.595 | |
| 2016 | 5,596.912 | |
| 2015 | 5,653 | |
| 2014 | 5,815.921 | |
| 2013 | 5,938.2 | |
| 2012 | 5,747.8 | |
| 2011 | 5,669.2 | |
| 2010 | 5,647.5 | |
| 2009 | 5,812 | |
| 2008 | 5,786.3 | |
| 2007 | 5,495.2 | |
| 2006 | 5,093.7 | |
| 2005 | 4,711.7 | |
| 2004 | 5,005 | |
| 2003 | 5,000 | |
| 2002 | 4,792 | |
| 2001 | 4,418 | |
| 2000 | 3,865.1 | |
| 1999 | 3,627.5 | |
| 1998 | 3,581.758 | |
| 1997 | 3,330.885 | |
| 1996 | 2,594.045 | |
| 1995 | 2,135.445 | |
| 1994 | 2,342.764 | |
| 1993 | 2,388.415 | |
| 1992 | 2,500.89 | |
| 1991 | 2,470.266 | |
| 1990 | 2,316.527 | |
| 1989 | 1,935.489 | |
| 1988 | 1,756.245 | |
| 1987 | 1,580.095 | |
| 1986 | 1,371.147 | |
| 1985 | 1,209.27 | |
| 1984 | 994.261 | |
| 1983 | 860.225 | |
| 1982 | 689.669 | |
| 1981 | 574.896 |
Source
Published by Eurostat, produced by Eurostat. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2026-11-08.
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Cite or download
Eurostat (2026). GERD by sector of performance and type of R&D: Total, Higher education sector, Million euro. Interva. https://interva.co/dataset/eurostat-rd-e-gerdact-total-hes-mio-eur (accessed 2026-11-14). catalog snapshot 2026-11-08.
GERD by sector of performance and type of R&D: Total, Higher education sector, Million euro in other countries
- Albania
- Austria
- Belgium
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bulgaria
- Croatia
- Cyprus
- Czechia
- Denmark
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Hungary
- Iceland
- Ireland
- Japan
- Korea, Republic of
- Latvia
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Montenegro
- Netherlands
- North Macedonia
- Norway
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- Russian Federation
- Serbia
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Türkiye
- United Kingdom
- United States
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