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CPIA financial sector ratingWorld Bank · Public SectorThe CPIA measures the extent to which a country’s policy and institutional framework supports sustainable growth and poverty reduction, and consequently the effective use of development assistance. The outcome of the exercise yields both an overall score and scores for sixteen criteria that compose the CPIA. These criteria include: A. Economic Management (1. Monetary and Exchange Rate Policies; 2. Fiscal Policy; 3. Debt Policy and Management), B. Structural Policies (4. Trade; 5. Financial Sector; 6. Business Regulatory Environment), C. Policies for Social Inclusion/Equity (7. Gender equality; 8. Equity of public resource use; 9. Building human resources; 10. Social protection and labor; 11. Policies and institutions for environmental sustainability), D. Public Sector Management and Institutions (12. Property rights and rule-based governance; 13. Quality of budgetary and financial management; 14. Efficiency of revenue mobilization; 15. Quality of public administration; 16. Transparency, accountability, and corruption in the public sector). The financial sector criterion assesses the policies and regulations that affect financial sector development. Three dimensions are covered: (a) financial stability; (b) the sector’s efficiency, depth, and resource mobilization strength; and (c) access to financial services.
Domestic credit provided by financial sectorWorld Bank · Financial SectorDomestic credit provided by the financial sector includes all credit to various sectors on a gross basis, with the exception of credit to the central government, which is net. The financial sector includes monetary authorities and deposit money banks, as well as other financial corporations where data are available (including corporations that do not accept transferable deposits but do incur such liabilities as time and savings deposits). Examples of other financial corporations are finance and leasing companies, money lenders, insurance corporations, pension funds, and foreign exchange companies. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.
Received public sector wages: into a bank or similar financial institution accountWorld Bank · Financial SectorReceived public sector wages: into a bank or similar financial institution account
Received private sector wages: into a bank or similar financial institution accountWorld Bank · Financial SectorReceived private sector wages: into a bank or similar financial institution account
Received a public sector pension: into a bank or similar financial institution accountWorld Bank · Financial SectorReceived a public sector pension: into a bank or similar financial institution account
Received public sector wages: into a bank or similar financial institution account, youngWorld Bank · Financial SectorReceived public sector wages: into a bank or similar financial institution account, young
Received private sector wages: into a bank or similar financial institution account, youngWorld Bank · Financial SectorReceived private sector wages: into a bank or similar financial institution account, young
Received a public sector pension: into a bank or similar financial institution account, youngWorld Bank · Financial SectorReceived a public sector pension: into a bank or similar financial institution account, young
Account, youngWorld Bank · Financial SectorThe percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else) at a bank or another type of financial institution (see the definition for "financial institution account") or report personally using a mobile money service in the past year (see the definition for "mobile money account"), young (% ages 15-24)
Bank concentrationWorld Bank · Financial SectorRaw data are from Bankscope. (Sum(data2025) for three largest banks in Bankscope) / (Sum(data2025) for all banks in Bankscope). Only reported if number of banks in Bankscope is 3 or more. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
Broad money growthWorld Bank · Financial SectorBroad money is the sum of all liquid financial instruments held by money-holding sectors that are widely accepted in an economy as a medium of exchange, plus those that can be converted into a medium of exchange at short notice at, or close to, their full nominal value. This indicator denotes the percentage change over each previous year of the constant price (base year 2015) series in United States dollars.
Net foreign assetsWorld Bank · Financial SectorNet foreign assets are the sum of foreign assets held by monetary authorities and deposit money banks, less their foreign liabilities. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This series is expressed in local currency units.
Real interest rateWorld Bank · Financial SectorAn interest rate is the amount charged, expressed as a percentage of the principal over a period of time, by the owners of certain kinds of financial assets for putting the financial assets at the disposal of another institutional unit. The real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured by the GDP deflator. The terms and conditions attached to lending rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability. This indicator is expressed as a percentage (a÷b)*100.
Net domestic creditWorld Bank · Financial SectorNet domestic credit is the sum of net claims on the central government and claims on other sectors of the domestic economy. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This series is expressed in local currency units.
Stock market returnWorld Bank · Financial SectorStock market return is the growth rate of annual average stock market index. Annual average stock market index is constructed by taking the average of the daily stock market indexes available at Bloomberg. Reported as: year-on-year.
Bank deposits to GDPWorld Bank · Financial SectorDemand, time and saving deposits in deposit money banks as a share of GDP, calculated using the following deflation method: {(0.5)*[Ft/P_et + Ft-1/P_et-1]}/[GDPt/P_at] where F is demand and time and saving deposits, P_e is end-of period CPI, and P_a is average annual CPI. Raw data are from the electronic version of the IMF’s International Financial Statistics. Bank deposits (IFS lines 24 and 25); GDP in local currency (IFS line 99B..ZF or, if not available, line 99B.CZF); end-of period CPI (IFS line 64M..ZF or, if not available, 64Q..ZF); and average annual CPI is calculated using the monthly CPI values (IFS line 64M..ZF).
Consumer price indexWorld Bank · Financial SectorIndex of the prices of consumption goods and services, as compared to a certain reference period (2010=100).
Interest rate spreadWorld Bank · Financial SectorInterest rate spread is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to private sector customers minus the interest rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits. The terms and conditions attached to these rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability. Reported as: lending rate minus deposit rate.
Deposit interest rateWorld Bank · Financial SectorDeposit interest rate is the rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits. The terms and conditions attached to these rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability. This indicator is expressed as a percentage (a÷b)*100.
Lending interest rateWorld Bank · Financial SectorLending rate is the bank rate that usually meets the short- and medium-term financing needs of the private sector. This rate is normally differentiated according to creditworthiness of borrowers and objectives of financing. The terms and conditions attached to these rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.
Received wages, youngWorld Bank · Financial SectorReceived wages, young
Wholesale price indexWorld Bank · Financial SectorIndex of prices of a mix of agricultural and industrial goods at various stages of production and distribution, including import duties, as compared to a certain reference period (2010=100).
Broad money (% of GDP)World Bank · Financial SectorBroad money is the sum of all liquid financial instruments held by money-holding sectors that are widely accepted in an economy as a medium of exchange, plus those that can be converted into a medium of exchange at short notice at, or close to, their full nominal value. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.
Saved any money, youngWorld Bank · Financial SectorSaved any money, young
CPIA debt policy ratingWorld Bank · Public SectorThe Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA) measures the extent to which a country’s policy and institutional framework supports sustainable growth and poverty reduction, and consequently the effective use of development assistance. The outcome of the exercise yields both an overall score and scores for sixteen criteria that compose the CPIA. These criteria include: A. Economic Management (1. Monetary and Exchange Rate Policies; 2. Fiscal Policy; 3. Debt Policy and Management), B. Structural Policies (4. Trade; 5. Financial Sector; 6. Business Regulatory Environment), C. Policies for Social Inclusion/Equity (7. Gender equality; 8. Equity of public resource use; 9. Building human resources; 10. Social protection and labor; 11. Policies and institutions for environmental sustainability), D. Public Sector Management and Institutions (12. Property rights and rule-based governance; 13. Quality of budgetary and financial management; 14. Efficiency of revenue mobilization; 15. Quality of public administration; 16. Transparency, accountability, and corruption in the public sector). The Debt Policy and Management criterion assesses whether the country’s debt management strategy is conducive to ensure medium-term debt sustainability and minimize budgetary risks. The criterion covers: (a) the extent to which external and domestic debt is contracted with a view to achieving/maintaining debt sustainability; and (b) the effectiveness of debt management functions (including the degree of coordination between debt management and other macroeconomic policies, the effectiveness of the debt management unit, and the existence of a debt management strategy and of a legal framework for borrowing).
Risk premium on lendingWorld Bank · Financial SectorRisk premium on lending is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to private sector customers minus the "risk free" treasury bill interest rate at which short-term government securities are issued or traded in the market. In some countries this spread may be negative, indicating that the market considers its best corporate clients to be lower risk than the government. The terms and conditions attached to lending rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability. Reported as: lending rate minus treasury bill rate.
Bank net interest marginWorld Bank · Financial SectorRaw data are from Bankscope. Data2080[t] / ((data2010[t] + data2010[t-1])/2). Numerator and denominator are aggregated on the country level before division. Note that banks used in the calculation might differ between indicators. Calculated from underlying bank-by-bank unconsolidated data from Bankscope.
Claims on private sectorWorld Bank · Financial SectorClaims on private sector include gross credit from the financial system to individuals, enterprises, nonfinancial public entities not included under net domestic credit, and financial institutions not included elsewhere. Broad money is the sum of all liquid financial instruments held by money-holding sectors that are widely accepted in an economy as a medium of exchange, plus those that can be converted into a medium of exchange at short notice at, or close to, their full nominal value. This indicator represents the annual percentage growth in the ratio of claims to broad money.
Commercial bank branchesWorld Bank · Financial SectorCommercial bank branches are retail locations of resident commercial banks and other resident banks that function as commercial banks that provide financial services to customers and are physically separated from the main office but not organized as legally separated subsidiaries.
Firms not needing a loanWorld Bank · Financial SectorPercent of firms that did not apply for a loan in the last fiscal year because they did not need a loan. The denominator is the sum of all firms who applied and did not apply for a loan. The numerator is the number of firms who did not apply for a loan and also stated that they did not need a loan.