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World Bank · Science

Estonia: Research and development expenditure

1.84percent · 2023+8.1% since 2013

Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Annual figures for Estonia from 1998 to 2023.

19982023

Every year

YearValue (percent)Note
20231.839
20221.761
20211.752
20201.726
20191.591
20181.383
20171.252
20161.218
20151.441
20141.408
20131.701
20122.105
20112.296
20101.579
20091.397
20081.252
20071.059
20061.113
20050.917
20040.846
20030.764
20020.712
20010.699
20000.6
19990.677
19980.565

Source

Published by World Bank, produced by UNESCO. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2026-11-07.

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Cite or download

World Bank (2026). Research and development expenditure. Interva. https://interva.co/dataset/worldbank-research-and-development-expenditure (accessed 2026-11-07). catalog snapshot 2026-11-07.

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Estonia: Research and development expenditure (1998–2023) · Interva