World Bank · Science
Zambia: Research and development expenditure
0.28percent · 2008
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Annual figures for Zambia from 1996 to 2008.
Every year
| Year | Value (percent) | Note |
|---|---|---|
| 2008 | 0.278 | |
| 2005 | 0.025 | |
| 2004 | 0.022 | |
| 2003 | 0.008 | |
| 2002 | 0.005 | |
| 1997 | 0.007 | |
| 1996 | 0.011 |
Source
Published by World Bank, produced by UNESCO. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2026-11-07.
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World Bank (2026). Research and development expenditure. Interva. https://interva.co/dataset/worldbank-research-and-development-expenditure (accessed 2026-11-07). catalog snapshot 2026-11-07.
Research and development expenditure in other countries
- Albania
- Algeria
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- Angola
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- Iceland
- India
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- Iran, Islamic Republic of
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- Ireland
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- Italy
- Jamaica
- Japan
- Jordan
- Kazakhstan
- Kenya
- Korea, Republic of
- Kuwait
- Kyrgyzstan
- Lao People's Democratic Republic
- Latvia
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- Liechtenstein
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Macao
- Madagascar
- Malawi
- Malaysia
- Mali
- Malta
- Mauritania
- Mauritius
- Mexico
- Moldova, Republic of
- Monaco
- Mongolia
- Montenegro
- Morocco
- Mozambique
- Myanmar
- Namibia
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- Nigeria
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- Norway
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- Papua New Guinea
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- Saudi Arabia
- Senegal
- Serbia
- Seychelles
- Singapore
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- Slovenia
- South Africa
- Spain
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- Syrian Arab Republic
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- Tanzania, United Republic of
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