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World Bank · Science

Germany: Research and development expenditure

3.15percent · 2023+13.4% since 2013

Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Annual figures for Germany from 1996 to 2023.

19962023

Every year

YearValue (percent)Note
20233.154
20223.071
20213.079
20203.09
20193.113
20183.051
20172.989
20162.884
20152.877
20142.822
20132.781
20122.825
20112.75
20102.676
20092.689
20082.572
20072.419
20062.43
20052.403
20042.403
20032.442
20022.409
20012.379
20002.387
19992.328
19982.207
19972.182
19962.137

Source

Published by World Bank, produced by UNESCO. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2026-11-05.

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Cite or download

World Bank (2026). Research and development expenditure. Interva. https://interva.co/dataset/worldbank-research-and-development-expenditure (accessed 2026-11-07). catalog snapshot 2026-11-05.

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Germany: Research and development expenditure (1996–2023) · Interva